Multivariate analysis showed that baseline seaweed intakes were not significantly associated with the incidence of depressive symptoms ( p for trend = 0.501). ResultsĪt the 3-year follow-up, 46 participants (9.2%) showed depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were defined as an SDS score of ≥50 in the present study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using a Japanese version of the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Consumption of seaweed was assessed using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire, and changes in seaweed consumption were divided into three categories (decreased, unchanged, and increased). In a prospective study conducted between 20, 500 Japanese adult employees aged 20–74 years participated and were included in the final analysis. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between daily seaweed intake and depressive symptoms.
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